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What is a brake caliper and what are its faults?
In the complex web of components that make up a vehicle's braking system, the brake caliper plays a crucial role. This seemingly modest but essential element is responsible for converting kinetic energy into heat, allowing your vehicle to stop safely and efficiently. In this SDT Brakes blog, we will learn in detail what a brake caliper is, its fundamental function in the braking system, and the possible breakdowns that could arise, shedding light on the importance of keeping this component in optimal condition to ensure safety on the road. Let's delve into the world of brake calipers and discover their vital role in automotive mechanics!
What is a brake caliper?
A brake caliper is a crucial component within a vehicle's braking system. Its primary function is to apply force to the brake pads, which press against the brake disc to generate friction and convert the kinetic energy of motion into heat. This process allows the vehicle to decelerate and eventually stop.
Similarly, the brake caliper operates through a hydraulic system. When the driver presses the brake pedal, hydraulic fluid is transmitted to the brake caliper, which activates and applies pressure to the brake pads. These pads, in turn, are pressed against the brake disc, generating friction and slowing the wheels.
Similarly, there are two main types of brake calipers: disc brake calipers and drum brake calipers. Disc brake calipers are more common on modern vehicles and are designed to work with brake discs. Drum brake calipers, on the other hand, are used on older drum brake systems.
In short, the brake caliper triggers the fundamental process of stopping a moving vehicle by converting kinetic energy into heat through friction between the brake pads and the brake disc. Its correct functioning is essential to ensure the safety and efficiency of a car's braking system.
What are the faults in brake calipers?
Brake calipers, although robust components, can experience some failures over time due to normal wear and tear, driving conditions, or lack of maintenance. Here are some of the most common failures that can affect brake calipers:
Wear and fluid leakage.
Brake pads, which are an integral part of the braking system, can wear out over time. This wear is normal, but if not replaced in time, it can lead to more serious problems, such as damage to the caliper.
In addition, brake calipers operate with hydraulic fluid. Leaks in the hydraulic connections or in the caliper itself can reduce the efficiency of the braking system and require repair.
Piston seizures and corrosion
Brake dust, dirt and moisture can build up inside the caliper, causing clogging or corrosion. This can affect the smooth movement of the pistons and reduce braking performance.
As such, the pistons inside the caliper may stick due to dirt or corrosion build-up. This can lead to uneven braking or, in extreme cases, total loss of braking on a wheel.
Uneven wear and braking noises
If the brake pads wear unevenly, it may indicate a problem in the caliper. This may be due to a piston that is not moving properly or uneven wear of the pads.
Also, squeaking or crunching noises when braking may indicate caliper problems, such as pistons that do not move freely or worn pads.
Overheating and incorrect calibration due to impact damage
Finally, excessive or prolonged braking can cause brake calipers to overheat. This can affect the efficiency of the system and damage the internal seals.
Incorrect caliper calibration can lead to uneven braking, resulting in uneven pad wear and reduced braking efficiency. In addition, shocks or impacts to the calipers, whether from road conditions or accidents, can damage the structural integrity and performance of the calipers.
To conclude this SDT Brakes blog, it is crucial to address any brake caliper issues immediately to ensure a safe and efficient braking system. Regular inspection and maintenance is key to preventing and addressing potential failures before they become major problems.